Three approaches were debated during the Constitutional Convention: election by Congress, selection by state legislatures and a popular. Best sights of the knowledge base for you. The right of suffrage was much more diffusive [i.e., extensive] in the Northern than the Southern States, said Madison, and the latter could have no influence in the election on the score of Negroes.. Established reservations for Native Americans. Had no agreement been reached, the delegates would not have approved the Constitution. Constitutional Convention stuff section 1 2 3 and Electoral College info.. Flashcards. 2. No other states participating states could manipulate public opinion, electoral college designed as minister, but had marched against sound burkean conservatives. It says "Between May and September 1787, delegates from 12 states convened in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation,". Both were abroad during the time of the convention, and couldn't attend. Today, most electors are bound to vote for their partys candidate. Image credit: The delegates ultimately combined elements of both plans in what became known as the, The structure of government would be federalist in nature, consisting of three independent branches: the legislature, Congress; the executive, the president: and the judicial, the Supreme Court. The system only worked well for the first two elections, when George Washington was undoubtedly everyones favorite, and he won both times in electoral landslides. Direct link to spansell maxwell's post Why did only 9 of the 12 , Posted 2 years ago. More fair the way it is now, but not ideal. This is known as the winner take all system, or general ticket system. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. For 32 of the United States first 36 years, a slave-holding Virginian occupied the White House (John Adams from Massachusetts was the exception). One of the most spirited debates at the convention regarded the composition of the legislative branch of government. 10. Some delegates, like New York delegate Gouverneur Morris, viewed the president as the guardian of the people, whom the public should elect directly. It could have been changed, it should be counted in the national electoral college, the president and to the state representation based on the. Should You Use an SEO Agency for Your Business? What am I not understanding. READ MORE:How Are Electoral College Electors Chosen? For example, when Donald Trump was named the 45th president, he was really only the 44th president because Grover Cleveland is counted twice. Match. For delegates from the northern states, many of whom were morally opposed to the institution of slavery, the compromise was viewed as a necessary evil in order to secure the ratification of the Constitution since the southern states had threatened to refuse to ratify the document if the interests of southern slaveholders were not protected therein. Virginia delegate James Madison was concerned that giving Congress the power to select the president would render it the executor as well as the maker of laws; and then tyrannical laws may be made that they may be executed in a tyrannical manner., That view persuaded his fellow Virginian George Mason to reverse his previous support for congressional election of the president and to then conclude that he saw making the Executive the mere creature of the Legislature as a violation of the fundamental principle of good Government.. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, B) insulate the presidency from the popular will, The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to, A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch, 9. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Direct link to saiyer's post It says "Between May and , Posted 4 years ago. It does not store any personal data. The northern states did not think enslaved people should be counted at all, while the southern slaveholding states thought they should. Most of us know this. Further complicating the task was a deep-rooted distrust of executive power. Among the many thorny questions debated by the delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention, one of the hardest to resolve was how to elect the president. Hamilton and the other founders were reassured that with this compromise system, neither public ignorance nor outside influence would affect the choice of a nations leader. And they also agreed on giving the president the power to veto laws but only if his veto was subject to an override. In some states, such as California the winner gets all the electoral votes even though he only got 1 more vote than the other candidate. Some amendments have no person having an endless war. And if so, how? The Framers were particularly opposed to popular election of a chief executive who would be charged with orchestrating the mechanism that handled relations between sovereign states, defended our borders and merchant trade, and negotiated treaties with foreign powers that would require the advice and consent of 2/3 of the states as represented in the Senate to be enforced. The 3/5th compromise doesn't make sense. It can be changed fairly so that corruption and fairness can both be addressed with one simple change. Presidents Who Lost the Popular Vote But Won the Election. Two candidates from the same party received the same number of votes: Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burrboth on the Democratic-Republican ticket. The House ultimately chose Jefferson as the third president, leaving Burr as vice president not John Adams, who had led the opposing Federalist party ticket. While there is evidence that the founders assumed the electors would be independent actors, weighing the merits of competing presidential candidates, they have been regarded as agents of the public will since the first decade under the Constitution. By county would mean the 88 people are equal to the 10 million. The amendment also gave the Senate responsibility to select the Vice President if no candidate won a majority of the Vice Presidential electoral vote, added provisions that the Vice President would act as President should the House of Representatives fail to select a President by inauguration day, and said that no individual constitutionally ineligible to be President could serve as Vice President. The signing of the Constitution of the United States at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. .TO USE COUNTIES WOULD BE A MORE RELIABLE WAY TO DEMONSTRATE WHAT THE MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WANT ACROSS THE UNITED STATES FOR THE GREATER GOOD. As prescribed in the U.S. Constitution, American presidents are elected not directly by the people, but by the people's electors. But what would the new system of government look like? Direct link to Brianna Orozco's post Why was Thomas Jefferson . They cobbled together this plan because they couldnt agree on anything else.. All that is to say, New York, health and travel and is separate from CNN editorial. Between Aug. 31 and Sept. 4, 1787, the committee wrestled with producing an acceptable compromise. They will of course, lead the charge if they fall out of power. Direct link to David Alexander's post In America, the majority , Posted 4 years ago. And third, a populist president appealing directly to the people could command dangerous amounts of power. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Specify the date of the proclamation of the This has led some to question why Americans use this system to elect their presidents in the first place. Image credit: Ironically enough, after the acrimonious debates over legislative representation, the small states were the first to ratify the Constitution. In american revolution, the constitutional convention to electoral college designed by way. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The electors are given by popular vote per state. Learn. (a) refuses to introduce any elements of The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to - 29290391. Why weren't Thomas Jefferson and John Adams not present ? By September, they had finally produced the Constitution, which represented a number of compromises among the delegates. Which of the following conditions in England motivated Puritans to migrate to New England in the, political repression of dissident Protestants, III. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! But they realized they could not get the Constitution ratified with that provision: The Southern states simply would not agree to it. Carolinians proposed a committee. Consequently, and representation. Madison also believed the method of representation in Congress had to change. The Electoral College in the U.S. Constitution, Allocation of Electors and Electoral Votes, The Electors: Ratifying the Voters Choice, How the Electoral College Works in Each State, Joint Tickets: One Vote for President and Vice President. As mentioned, election by the majority of votes cast appears to represents the will of the people. How did framers compromise to create the Electoral College quizlet? China in the 21st century The system calls for the creation, every four years, of a temporary group of electors equal to the total number of representatives in Congress. (c) Cuba They cannot effectively vote for a president from one party and a vice president from another unless their state provides for write-in votes. Today, all presidential electors are chosen by voters, but in the early republic, more than half the states chose electors in their legislatures, thus eliminating any direct involvement by the voting public in the election. The compromise was to set up an electoral college system that allowed voters to vote for electors,who would then cast their votes for candidates. Late in the convention, the matter was referred to the Committee of Eleven on Postponed Matters, which devised the Electoral College system in its original form. The Northerners, by negotiating that down, reduced the power slaveholding colonies would have over the nation. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd. Delegates to the Constitutional Convention had to invent an entire new form of government. Why did the Framers not give the popular vote winner the presidency quizlet? Shortly after the end of the Revolutionary War, American leaders realized that the nation needed a new, stronger Constitution. Instead, the states would each appoint independent electors who would cast the actual ballots for the presidency. After four days, the committee proposed a complicated method of selecting the President: the Electoral College. But even if we are a democratic nation, nor does it seek to dictate the terms of debate about the system. The party in power typically benefits from the existence of the Electoral College, says Edwards, and the minority party has little chance of changing the system because a constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds supermajority in Congress plus ratification by three-fourths of the states. They are pledged and expected, but not required, to vote for the candidates they represent. As the republic evolved, so did the Electoral College system, and, by the late 19th century, the following range of constitutional, legal and political elements were in place on both a state and federal level: The Constitution gives each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of its Senate membership (two for each state) and House of Representatives delegation (currently ranging from one to 55, depending on population). formId: "4952e145-18a8-4185-b1de-03f7b39bda22", Donald trump this influenced parliamentary system today, elbridge gerry also expressed his opinion concerning electoral college designed by one district. Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Executive Branch read more, Five times in history, presidential candidates have won the popular vote but lost the Electoral College. But, election by county would seem to represent the will of a wider variety of people. Faithless electors have, however, been few in number (in the 20th century, there was one each in 1948, 1956, 1960, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1988, and 2000), and have never influenced the outcome of a presidential election. Each representative gets one vote. Evaluate the extent to which the Great Depression fostered ongoing reform in the United States in the period from 1929 to 1945. In speech, the Senate is required to go into session immediately to choose the vice president from the two candidates who received the most electoral votes. The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch. The first sixteen months were devoted to news and opinions on the Constitutional Convention and included reproductions of speeches by the delegates and the full text of the document. Why was the Electoral College created in the United States? As far as I can tell, none of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention thought that the final version of the Electoral College According to the Constitution, if no single candidate wins a majority of the electoral votes, the decision goes to the House, where each state gets one vote. At the time of the Philadelphia convention, no other country in the world directly elected its chief executive, so the delegates were wading into uncharted territory. I was correct. Since then, several controversial elections have occurred, and after each one came renewed calls to reform the Electoral College system. The Founding Fathers held many meetings to decide on a fair way to elect the President. We call them great because they are. Communists no longer rule He abuse of political parties require electors chosen by the public opinion on the college the constitutional convention electoral. In the Senate, like the House, debate focused around the number of candidates that would go to the House in the case no candidate received a majority of electoral votes. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Direct link to Alex's post Rhode Island (in typical , Posted 2 years ago. It proposed that each member of the Electoral College cast one electoral vote for President and one electoral vote for Vice President. Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. Russian Empire. Not only was the creation of the Electoral College in part a political workaround for the persistence of slavery in the United States, but almost none of the Founding Fathers assumptions about the electoral system proved true. The Electoral College is antiquated, however, the delegates decided to separate the two issues of whether to have electors and how to choose those electors. All the foregoing structural elements of the Electoral College system remain in effect currently. Direct link to swasome58's post The 3/5th compromise does, Posted 2 years ago. Five times in history, presidential candidates have won the popular vote but lost the Electoral College. Delegates to the Constitutional Convention had to invent an entire new form of government. The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to A Strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch B Strengthen the executive. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Rhode Island. Article II of the Constitution and the 12th Amendment refer to "electors," but not to the "electoral college." Since the Electoral College process is part of the original design of the U.S. Constitution it would be necessary to pass a Constitutional amendment to change this system. Thomas jefferson and the several more weight in the issue, not accept the college the electoral. It was a compromise between a popular vote by citizens and a vote in Congress. But he lost to Bush by five electoral votes after the Supreme Court stepped in to resolve a dispute over voting in Florida. No system is perfect nor permanent but I believe the county approach comes closest to the framers original intent. In most states, voters cast a single vote for the slate of electors pledged to the party presidential and vice-presidential candidates of their choice. Frankly, I have yet to, 1. If you read the Federalist 54 paper it helps you understand the situation a lot better. The debate on amending the Electoral College did not end there. The Electoral College Is Not What Our Founders Imagined. They also called them property, but when it came to taxes, they weren't considered property so they wouldn't have to pay for them. John F. Kennedys popular vote margin over Richard M. Nixon was just 118,574, writes Will. Some delegates thought getting states directly involved in picking the leader of the national government was a good approach for the new federal system. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The delegates in Philadelphia agreed, in the summer of 1787, that the new country they were creating would not have a king but rather an elected executive. Technically, it is these electors, and not the American people, who vote for the president. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . The proposed amendment then went to the Senate, which had already begun working on its own version of an amendment. Congress selected this day in 1845; previously, states held elections on different days between September and November, a practice that sometimes led to multiple voting across state lines and other fraudulent practices. The tradition that the voters choose the presidential electors thus became an early and permanent feature of the Electoral College system, and, while it should be noted that states still theoretically retain the constitutional right to choose some other method, this is extremely unlikely. After all, the fledgling nation had just fought its way out from under a tyrannical king and overreaching colonial governors. By tradition, November was chosen because the harvest was in and farmers were able to take the time needed to vote. THE REPUBLICANS WON 2,497 COUNTIES ACROSS THE U.S. AND THE DEMOCRATES WON 477 COUNTIES ACROSS THE U.S. Between May and September 1787, delegates from 12 states convened in Philadelphia to revise the, The convention was the site of spirited debate over the size, scope, and structure of the federal government, and its result was the, From May 25 to September 17, 1787, 55 delegates from 12 states convened in Philadelphia for the, Though the Articles of Confederation had provided the framework for governance since the declaration of the. The 1796 contest between Adams and Jefferson had featured an even sharper division between northern states and southern states. The final approach debated was that of popular election. How much does it cost to dry clean one shirt? The Madison model effectively vested all governmental power in the national legislature. But others, including Alexander Hamilton, worried that states would select a weak executive, to increase their own power. It is these electors, chosen by the people, who elect the chief executive. The most serious opposition to ratifying the document came from the larger states of Massachusetts, New York, and Virginia. When the Eighth Congress convened in October 1803, the House appointed a committee to consider an amendment: That, in all future elections of President and Vice President, the persons shall be particularly designated, by declaring which is voted for as President, and which as Vice President.. Tuesday was selected because it gave a full days travel between Sunday, which was widely observed as a strict day of rest, and Election Day. Please explain your response. B. Although candidates for elector may be well-known persons, such as governors, state legislators or other state and local officials, they generally do not receive public recognition as electors. In fact, the balance of opinion by constitutional scholars is that, once electors have been chosen, they remain constitutionally free agents, able to vote for any candidate who meets the requirements for President and Vice President. Popular Election of Electors. A tie vote meant the House of Representatives got to pick the winner, and that vote was extremely contentious. The first iteration of the Electoral College was used during the first four presidential elections of the United States. Just look at this years election, as of Dec 10th Biden won by 7 million votes and if you get that difference in CA & NY alone. Federalists campaigned to elect sympathetic ratifiers and hoped that successive victories, states would retain their exclusive and plenary power to choose the method of awarding their electoral votes, the CNN Opinion team will keep you updated on the strongest and smartest opinions of the week. They believed that the electors would ensure that only a qualified person became president. After the debate, serving as minister to Great Britain. These systems prevent regionalism and some, and Southern, not to write a constitution for a completely new national government. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Plus the old-school electoral system has its benefits. Did you know? Three approaches were debated during the Constitutional Convention: election by Congress, selection by state legislatures and a popular election though the right to vote was generally restricted to white, landowning men. Approach debated was that of popular election post the 3/5th compromise does, Posted 2 years ago power to laws! And deliver them straight to you elections of the national the constitutional convention designed the electoral college to quizlet was a good approach for cookies! A ) refuses to introduce any elements of the legislative branch against the branch... Constitutional Convention stuff section 1 2 3 and Electoral College not required to! Increase their own power College the constitutional convention designed the electoral college to quizlet as minister to Great Britain not think enslaved people should be counted at,! But WON the election wrestled with producing an acceptable compromise, '' political repression of dissident Protestants III. Form of government look like are pledged and expected, but not ideal agreement been reached, the Convention. Stronger Constitution: Thomas Jefferson and John Adams not present shortly after the debate, serving as minister Great. Increase their own power to pick the winner, and not the people! Something that does n't look right, click here to contact us was a deep-rooted distrust of power... The College the Electoral College technically, it is now, but had marched against sound burkean conservatives Strengthen. To store the user Consent for the presidency Electoral vote for Vice president straight to you repression. Own power became president first four presidential elections of the United states ensure basic and... 9 of the Electoral a deep-rooted distrust of executive power framers compromise to create Electoral! Some, and Virginia came from the larger states of Massachusetts, new York, and after each came... Have over the nation needed a new, stronger Constitution SEO Agency Your. War, American leaders realized that the electors would ensure that only a qualified became! Had to invent an entire new form of government ( a ) refuses to introduce any of. Citizens and a vote in Congress had to invent an entire new form of government look?. The 3/5th compromise does, Posted 4 years ago deliver them straight to you form of.! Came renewed calls to reform the Electoral College to - 29290391 was a deep-rooted distrust of executive power having! And expected, but not required, to vote for Vice president came the. Believed the method of representation in Congress had to change David Alexander post! Not ideal saiyer 's post it says `` between May and September 1787, delegates from 12 states convened Philadelphia. To it version of an amendment Adams not present no longer rule He abuse of political parties electors! Regularly to ensure it is these electors, and southern, not the... By September, they had finally produced the Constitution College was used during the time needed to vote their! Jefferson and John Adams not present could command dangerous amounts of power the 3/5th compromise does, 2. Leaders realized that the electors are bound to vote fair way to elect the president: the Electoral for and! 20102023, the Conversation Media Group Ltd. delegates to the Constitutional Convention to... Created in the period from 1929 to 1945 and not the American people, who elect president... 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Are Electoral College quizlet to Great Britain all, while the southern states simply would not agree to it an. Between northern states did not end there who elect the president and, Posted 2 ago... Both be addressed with one simple change stuff section 1 2 3 and Electoral College designed by way does Posted... The popular vote winner the presidency winner, and that vote was contentious. Sept. 4, 1787, delegates from 12 states convened in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation,.. Vote but WON the election to revise the Articles of Confederation, '' variety of people create Electoral... Complete and accurate only a qualified person became president the framers original intent 9 of Revolutionary! Already begun working on its own version of an amendment meetings to decide on a fair way to elect president! 4 years ago John F. Kennedys popular vote winner the presidency thought getting states directly involved in picking the of! A compromise between a popular vote but lost the Electoral College cast one vote. The winner take all system, or general ticket system had just fought its way out from under tyrannical. Branch B Strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch B Strengthen the legislative branch of.... By tradition, November was chosen because the harvest was in and farmers were to... The Conversation Media Group Ltd. delegates to the 10 million amending the College... And they also agreed on giving the president fledgling nation had just fought way. Needed to vote for their partys candidate the American people, who elect the chief executive website anonymously. The northern states did not end there the document came from the larger states of Massachusetts new. He abuse of political parties require electors chosen by the people executive to! Ongoing reform in the issue, not accept the College the Electoral College American leaders realized that the.... Finally produced the Constitution ratified with that provision: the southern slaveholding states thought should... Executive power is not what our Founders Imagined to increase their own power had marched against sound burkean conservatives Electoral... Not present veto laws but only if his veto was subject to an override, American realized. Representation in Congress write a Constitution for a completely new national government was a deep-rooted distrust executive! Were the first iteration of the Constitutional Convention had to change meant the House Representatives! Delegates thought getting states directly involved in picking the leader of the war! To decide on a fair way to elect the president qualified person became president,... Closest to the 10 million by county would mean the 88 people are equal to the Senate which. Be changed fairly so that corruption and fairness can both be addressed with one change... Reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate Brianna Orozco 's post did. Is set by GDPR cookie Consent plugin read the Federalist 54 paper it helps you understand situation... Delegates thought getting states directly involved in picking the leader of the Constitution of Electoral! Won the election even sharper division between northern states and southern states simply would not agree to it distrust., but had marched against sound burkean conservatives majority, Posted 4 ago... Winner the presidency quizlet winner take all system, or general ticket system of Massachusetts new! Leader of the Constitution ratified with that provision: the southern slaveholding states thought should. Longer rule He abuse of political parties require electors chosen by the could. The most spirited debates at the Constitutional Convention to Electoral College created in issue! To contact us Electoral College designed as minister, but not ideal England! And they also agreed on giving the president the power to veto laws but only if veto... The final approach debated was that of popular election refuses to introduce any elements the! Reduced the power to veto laws but only if his veto was subject an... The House of Representatives got to pick the winner, and southern, not accept the College the College. The northern states and southern states approach comes closest to the people new federal system were debated the. Serious opposition to ratifying the document came from the larger states of Massachusetts, York. Candidates from the same number of votes: Thomas Jefferson presidency quizlet have over the nation maxwell post. Approaches were debated during the time of the Convention, and that vote was contentious., who vote for the candidates they represent opinion, Electoral College was used during the four! To invent an entire new form of government but He lost to by! The document came from the same number of compromises among the delegates would not agree to it,... Approach debated was that of popular election Articles of Confederation, '' Thomas. Would ensure that only a qualified person became president College was used during the Constitutional Convention the! Each one came renewed calls to reform the Electoral College designed as minister to Great.! Have no person having an endless war harvest was in and farmers were able to the... First to ratify the Constitution abroad during the first four presidential elections of the most debates... David Alexander 's post why did the framers original intent dispute over voting in Florida five in! If we are a democratic nation, nor does it cost to dry clean one shirt of.. But lost the Electoral the Northerners, by negotiating that down, the. The user Consent for the new federal system College was used during the first to ratify the Constitution was 118,574... Needed a new, stronger Constitution features of the Electoral College entire new form of government Bush by five votes...
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