means a method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating to form sides of an excavation that are inclined away from the excavation so as to prevent cave-ins. Removal shall begin at, and progress from, the bottom of the excavation. Examples include clay, silty clay, sandy clay, and clay loam. Shield systems shall not be subjected to loads exceeding those which the system was designed to withstand. (a) Scope and application. Click on the buttons below to see examples of benching requirements for Type A and Type B soils. There are four types of protective systems used for trench safety: sloping, shoring, shielding, and benching. 2. Deviation from the specifications, recommendations, and limitations issued or made by the manufacturer shall only be allowed after the manufacturer issues specific written approval. These daily inspections include: Soil conditions and accumulation of water or anything else that would be indicative of a cave-in. OSHA stipulates maximum allowable slopes for each soil type in the work area. If they are restricted spaces, they present the additional risks of oxygen depletion, toxic fumes, and water accumulation. (1) Option (1)-Allowable configurations and slopes. Shielding protects workers by using trench boxes or other types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins. A few things to consider when conducting work underground: Contact the underground notification center at, Identify whether the excavation is less than 5 feet deep, Identify whether the excavation is in stable rock, Have a competent person examine the excavation, Undercutting of structures and foundations. Manufactured materials and equipment used for protective systems shall be used and maintained in a manner that is consistent with the recommendations of the manufacturer, and in a manner that will prevent employee exposure to hazards. This extra working area may provide a way for workers to escape an unexpected crisis, such as falling objects or debris. Please enable cookies on your browser and try again. a. Topics include the four types of trench collapse, the frequency and cost of trench collapses, trench soil types, and common trench protective systems. Unsafe Access/Egress. If less than 5 feet deep, a competent person may determine that a protective system is not required. Deep and long trenches are probably better suited to timber shoring than any other form of protective system. A shoring system is a structure such as a metal hydraulic, mechanical or timber shoring system that supports the sides of an excavation and which is designed to prevent caveins. Underpinning. The only workers allowed in the trench should be those who are absolutely needed to perform the task at hand. Trench protective systems include which of the following: B. Sloping, benching, shoring, trench box B. Sloping , benching , shoring , trench box Upload your study docs or become a Course Hero member to access this document Continue to access End of preview. With that said, whenever workers become too comfortable with a work method, there is an increased risk of complacency. The safe angle to slope the sides of an excavation varies with different kinds of soil. The Bureau of Labor Statistics also reports trench collapses claimed the lives of 166 workers between 2011 and 2018. using the attachments and the video link about to answer the questions below. Trenches 5 feet (1.5 meters) deep or greater require a protective system unless the excavation is made entirely in stable rock. (2) Option (2)-Determination of slopes and configurations using Appendices A and B. All subsequent benches must be below the maximum slope allowed for that soil type. When surcharge loads from stored material or equipment, operating equipment, or traffic are present, a competent person shall determine the degree to which the actual slope must be reduced below the maximum allowable slope, and shall assure that such reduction is achieved. Hazard prevention and control should contain both. (iii) At least one copy of the design shall be maintained at the jobsite while the slope is being constructed. 1926.652(b)(4) which requires the excavation to be designed by a registered professional engineer. means a method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal levels or steps, usually with vertical or near-vertical surfaces between levels. Shoring or shielding is used when the location or depth of the cut makes sloping back to the maximum allowable slope impractical. (2) Information concerning the basis of the tabular data and the limitations of the data is presented in paragraph (d) of this appendix, and on the tables themselves. hand signals wallkie talkies radios and pagers, When may the attendant enter a confined space, Which of the following is true for a CSE entrant, Enters confined space and must be trained in CSE, Which of the following is an employer responsibility with regard to training employees, Training records must be available to employees during their employment, Even though the employer is responsible for providing confined space training the cost of the training is paid by the employee, Employer approved rescue services must be informed of hazards in advance by, For confined space operations off site emergency rescue services, Each member of the confined space emergency team must practice emergency skills, In a confined space hot work may be performed but, Permit required confined space work is potentially hazardous, What is required when a confined space job is completed, The term used to describe the study of work, Body movement where energy is exerted to cause movement, MSD is an acronym for which of the following, Which statement below is most accurate when discussing awkward postures, Create stress and fatigue on the skeletal syastem, These type controls include designing work stations tools and equiapment, Breaking up the work schedule to minimize repetitive tasks, Which statement below is accurate for personal protective equipment, Should be considered only when engineering, The frequent an prolonged use vibrating tools equipment is, A common cause of ergonomic related injury and illness, Tools used to communicate and warn employees of potential hazards include which hitch of the following, Being a leader assertive decisive in safety events, Legally responsible for the safety and health of employees on a work term, Which of the following uses enclosures isolation techniques, What types of incidents should be investigated, The requirement that each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards, A thorough look around the job site for unsafe conditions, An explanation of the project safety zero tolerance, During the initial and periodic safety training, Is an effect toll to promote and improve the safety culture, The statement taking the time to educate your family in safety will pay huge dividends, It is important to you and your family to learn and practice safety at home, These types of injuries and incidents must be investigated and analyzed to determine root, What is mainly covered in chapter 2 of the NFPA 70E standard, The NFPA 70E covers electrical safety in the workplace as it pertains to, Which article in chapter 1 of NFPA 70E contains common definitions, Information on human factors performance such as human error, What does the NFPA 70E standard now consider first prioty when it comes to electrical hazards, Within the 2018 NFPA 70E standard which indicates a revision to text previous versions, What is the main way to establish an electrically safe work condition, When developing an electrical safety program it is begat to refer to what area 8. He directed an employee to exit the trench believing collapse was imminent. [8] ENR used data on transportation, sewer, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors. it also has the following premium features: Single Lever Hydraulic Connection - Simultaneously attach and detach all four front loader hydraulic lines Premium Flat Faced No-spill Hydraulic . 2Cu+(aq)Cu2+(aq)+Cu(s), Hazard or mitigation controls may be short and/or long term, Hazard prevention and control should contain both, A safety and health program is called a living document why, A safety and health program changes as an organization changes, What should an incident investigation program include, I'm general accidents and incidents are caused by unsafe or hazardous conditions and, Unsafe or unhealthy actions and behaviors, Who should be on the team that evaluates a safety and health program, Who should be involved in communication and coordination of safety and health programs, Managers are considered what within an organization when it comes to safety and health, What is the ideal time for conducting witness interviews during an incident investigation, As promptly as possible since memories fade over time, Which of the following is an incident that should be investigated, Of the following who should be the best choice to write your organization safety and health program, You have been investigating an incident where a worker was struck in the head by a flying scrap of wood from a table saw which of the following corrective actions might be the most appropriate, Table saws must always have guards installed, Which of the following is a benefit for having a safety and health program, A company may need to bid on a contract that requires safety and health documentation, When should a formal hazard assessment or inspection be performed, Which of the following is a line role with regard to an organizations safety and health program, Implementing and maintaining the safety and health program, Which of the following statement are true about incidents, Nearly all workplace incidents are wholly preventable, Personal fall arrest hooks must be locking and, Designed to prevent opening and slipping off the connector, Personal fall arrest system connectors must be compatible and capable of supporting at least, If there are defects found during the inspection of personal fall protection equipment or if the equipment has been used in an arrest it must be, Three major components of personal fall arrest sustain anchor and the anchorage connector full body harness and, Horizontal lifelines shall be designed installed and used under the supervision of a what as part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains safety factor of at least two, Fall restraint systems must meet which of the following criteria, It is important to secure your ladder whenever feasible to, OSHA and ladder manufacturers require which of the following when ascending or descending, The three main types of portable ladders are, The 4:1 angle rule for extension ladders means which of the following, For every 4ft of the ladder it should be 1 for away from the wall, Protect yourself while working in a ladder by, Supported scaffold systems must be inspected for, Every supported scaffold and it's components must support without failure it's own weight and at least what the intended load, The guardrails on suspended scaffolds manufactured after the year 2000 must be how long with mid rails installed approximately halfway between the top rail and the platform surface, A what must be available to direct workers who are constructing a moving scaffolds, Employees must not work on scaffold surfaces until, The surface are determined to have the strength and structural integrity to support their intended loads, Hazards of type scaffold being used along with it's maximum intended load and capacity, A person must select direct employees who erect dismantle more or alter scaffold and who must inspect scafffolding to ensure compliance is called a, OSHA's specifically requires who to assess the workplace to determine if the walking and working surfaces on which you work have the strength and structural integrity to safety support workers, A what is any mechanism used to dissipate a substantial amount of energy during a fall arrest or otherwise limits the energy imposed on an employee during fall arrest, Horizontal lifelines shall be designed installed and used under the supervision of a qualified person as part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of, At least two times the maximum intended load, A what must be available to direct workers who are constructing or moving scaffolds, Electrical burns occur principally because of, The heat generated by the flow of electrical current through the body, The "B" in the acronym BESAFE stand for burns what are the 3 types of burns that are caused by exposure to electricity, An electrical hazard can be defined as a serious workplace hazard that exposes workers to which of the following, According to OSHA what does the term electrocution mean, Any overhead power line should be considered energized unless the entity owning or operating the electrical utility suppling the line certifies that it is, The minimum safe distance for equipment operating in proximity to energized power lines that contain up to 50,000 volts is, Where can minimum clearance distances for working near power lines be found, New and improved tolls and technologies exist that help prevent inadvertent shock and electrocution hazards with underground energized utilities including, The three most common GFCI's used today are, Which of the following is an electrical hazard, Extension cords should be inspected prior to their use for, For a lockout ragout to be effective all the energy sources must be isolated in the off position zero energy must be verified and each worker must apply an individual lock to the locking device the key for each persons lock is kept with, Which of the following are major causes do to the failure to follow lockout ragout procedures, The purpose of a lockout ragout checklist is to, OSHA requires all power cords to be protected from mechanical damage and environmental deterioration which includes protection from, You can help protect yourself from electrocution by, Personal protective equipment for electrical workers is designed to provide protection under certain circumstances and conditions typical footwear will be marked what if its approved for electrical work, Electrical PPE with the following defects must NOT be used Additional risks of oxygen depletion, toxic fumes, and progress from, the bottom of the design be! 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